Vuam Ntawm Square Tubes

Thaum welding square thiab rectangular raj, vim lawv hollow cross-section thiab ntse npoo, qee qhov kev sib tw tshwj xeeb tshwm sim. Cov teeb meem tseem ceeb thiab kev ceev faj yog raws li hauv qab no:

1. Hlav-los ntawm lossis tawg ntawm lub ces kaum:Thaum tshav kub kub nyhiab ntawm 90-degree lub kaum sab xis, ua rau cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa raug hlawv.
2. Kev tswj tsis yooj yim ntawm deformation:Weld shrinkage tuaj yeem ua rau tag nrho khoov, twisting lossis kev nyuaj siab hauv zos.
3. Weld tsim tsis zoo:Thaum lub kaum sab xis hloov, lub kaum sab xis ntawm rab phom vuam yog qhov nyuaj rau kev tswj, uas ua rau tsis sib xws welds, undercutting los yog tsis tiav nkag.
4. Internal weld bulges thiab oxidation:Sab hauv ntawm cov yeeb nkab tuaj yeem tsim cov kab nrib pleb, thiab cov welds sab hauv tuaj yeem ua rau oxidation, cuam tshuam rau lub zog thiab qhov tsos.

1. Ua ntej -welding npaj:Ua tib zoo tshem cov roj, xeb, thiab noo noo los ntawm qhov chaw vuam. Rau tuab- cov kav dej lossis cov qauv tseem ceeb, nws raug nquahu kom tshuab cov bevels.
2. Tswj cua sov input:Siv ib qho me me tam sim no, vuam ceev ceev, thiab siv txoj kev dhia welding segmented kom disperse tshav kub, txo deformation, thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm hlawv- los ntawm.
3. Them mloog mus rau welding sequence:Rau ntev weld seams, txais yuav ib tug symmetrical vuam sib lawv liag ntawm nruab nrab mus rau ob hnub. Thaum sib sau ua ke ntau yam weld seams, kuj npaj cov symmetrical vuam sib lawv liag.
4. Siv cov txheej txheem tsim nyog:Rau nyias- cov kav dej square thiab cov duab plaub, ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj thaiv kev vuam (xws li MIG/MAG vuam), vim nws muaj cov cua sov thiab qhov deformation tsawg heev. Thaum vuam, rab phom vuam yuav tsum tuav lub kaum sab xis uas tsim nyog rau lub dav hlau vuam, thiab yuav tsum muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov ces kaum.
5. Ncej -welding kev kho mob:Ntxuav lub slag thiab spatter tam sim ntawd. Rau cov khoom uas muaj qhov zoo li lossis qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom raug, kev kho (xws li kev kho kho tshuab lossis kev kho nplaim taws) yuav tsim nyog.

Tus yuam sij rau welding square thiab rectangular tubes nyob rau hauv nruj me ntsis tswj lub tshav kub input thiab npaj ib tug tsim nyog welding ib theem zuj zus. Qhov no yog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws kom tsis txhob deformation thiab tsis xws luag. Rau qhov tseem ceeb load-cov qauv kabmob, nws yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau xa mus rau cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb thiab ua cov txheej txheem kev ntsuas.

Thaum welding square thiab rectangular raj, qhov vuam ib puag ncig thiab kev xaiv ntawm vuam rods yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej qhov zoo. Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:

Square raj yog rhiab heev rau ib puag ncig vim nws cov qauv hollow.

1. Cua tiv thaiv thiab noo noo tiv thaiv:Cov cua daj cua dub yuav tsum zam. Thaum cua ceev tshaj 2m / s, yuav tsum tau teeb tsa lub cua ntsawj ntshab. Vuam yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub thaum huab cua av noo siab dhau (xws li tshaj 90%) los yog muaj condensation ntawm lub raj phab ntsa. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub weld seam yog nquag tsim pores.
2. Environmental kub:Thaum qhov kub ntawm ib puag ncig qis dua 0℃(rau qis- carbon steel) lossis 5℃(rau qis-alloy steel), thaj chaw vuam hauv 100mm yuav tsum tau muab rhaub kom siab tshaj 15℃(preheating) kom tiv thaiv cov kab mob khaub thuas. Kev ua haujlwm sab nraum zoov hauv huab cua los nag lossis daus yog txwv nruj.
3. Kev nyab xeeb thiab qhov cua:Xyuas kom muaj qhov cua zoo hauv qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum welding nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw kaw, yuav tsum tau siv lub tshuab cua txias kom tso pa tawm ntawm vuam cov pa taws thiab cov pa tiv thaiv ntau ntxiv (xws li Ar, CO₂), kom tiv thaiv kev ua tsis taus pa lossis cuam tshuam rau kev tiv thaiv.

Qhov kev xaiv yog nyob ntawm cov khoom siv, phab ntsa thickness thiab kev siv cov kev xav tau ntawm cov square thiab rectangular raj.

1. Kev sib txuam raws li cov khoom siv hauv paus:
◦ Square thiab plaub lub raj ua los ntawm qis- carbon steel xws li Q235:Qhov feem ntau siv vuam pas nrig yog E43 series (xws li E4303, E4315).
◦ Q345 thiab lwm yam qis- alloy siab- lub zog steel square thiab cov raj duab plaub:E50 series vuam rods (xws li E5015, E5016) yuav tsum raug xaiv los xyuas kom meej lub zog ntawm cov pob qij txha.
◦ Stainless hlau square thiab rectangular raj:Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xaiv qhov sib txuam stainless hlau vuam pas nrig (xws li A102, A132, thiab lwm yam).

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus:Lub zog qib thiab tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg tau teev nyob rau hauv phau ntawv vuam pas nrig yuav tsum sib phim lossis siab dua me ntsis ntawm cov khoom siv hauv paus.

2. Xaiv raws li hom flux (qhov tseem ceeb sib txawv):

◦ Alkaline electrodes (xws li E4315, E5015):Lub flux muaj ntau ntawm carbonate thiab fluoride. Cov hlau weld muaj zoo toughness thiab muaj zog tawg kuj (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau tuab -walled los yog tseem ceeb qauv), tab sis cov txheej txheem kev ua tau zoo me ntsis. Nws yog rhiab heev rau cov roj xeb thiab yuav tsum nruj kom qhuav (rhuab ntawm 350-400℃rau 1-2 teev) thiab ncaj qha tam sim no rov qab txuas. Haum rau kev thauj khoom tseem ceeb-cov kabmob, cov kav dej tuab, cov ntaub ntawv hlau uas tsis muaj weldability los yog nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias.

◦Acid welding rods (xws li E4303):Cov txheej txheem muaj ntau cov oxides. Lawv muaj kev ua tau zoo (ruaj khov arc, me ntsis spatter, yooj yim slag tshem tawm), tsis rhiab rau cov roj thiab xeb, tuaj yeem siv nrog ob qho tib si AC thiab DC fais fab mov, tab sis cov plasticity thiab toughness ntawm weld yog me ntsis qis dua cov alkaline vuam rods. Lawv tsim nyog rau cov qauv dav dav, nyias- cov kav dej uas muaj phab ntsa, cov xwm txheej uas yuav tsum muaj tsawg lossis kev huv huv.

3. Cov kev daws teeb meem zoo:
◦ Rau kev tsim khoom loj, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv vuam nrog cov khoom siv hlau (xws li ER50-6) lossis flux-cored hlau yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj. Nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, muaj qhov deformation tsawg, thiab ua kom zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, ua rau nws tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev txuas txuas txuas ntawm cov kav dej square thiab cov duab plaub.