Galvanized steel yeeb nkab quenching yog txheej txheem kev kho cua sov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Hauv qab no, peb yuav muab cov lus piav qhia ntxaws txog qhov tseem ceeb, qhov cuam tshuam, kev ua haujlwm, kev xaiv tus neeg sawv cev quenching, txoj hauj lwm hauv kev tsim khoom, thiab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev tswj xyuas kom meej.
I. Qhov tseem ceeb thiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm quenching
quenching yog txheej txheem uas cov kav dej galvanized tau muab tso rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias (sab saum toj Ac3 lossis Ac1) thiab tuav rau qee lub sijhawm, thiab tom qab ntawd txias txias hauv dej, roj lossis lwm yam xov xwm. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog los hloov cov undercooled austenite rau hauv cov qauv martensite los yog bainite, yog li txhim kho cov khoom siv ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel xws li hardness, hnav tsis kam, lub zog, elasticity thiab toughness.
Tom qab quenching thiab ua raws li tempering ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel tuaj yeem hloov kho kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm ntau yam kev thov. Rau qee qhov tshwj xeeb steels, quenching tuaj yeem txhim kho lawv lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg, xws li txhim kho ferromagnetism thiab txhim kho corrosion kuj, thiab lwm yam.
II. Kev cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel
Kev cuam tshuam zoo
1. Txhim khu kev ua haujlwm zoo: Lub hardness, hnav tsis kam, qaug zog lub zog thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel tom qab quenching tau zoo heev.
2. Tau txais cov qauv tshwj xeeb: Kev tsim cov qauv martensite lossis bainite, tso lub hauv paus rau cov tempering tom ntej los kho cov khoom.
3. Ua kom muaj kev pab cuam lub neej: tsim nyog quenching tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej ua haujlwm ntawm 30-50%.
Kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo thiab kev tswj xyuas
1. Kev ntxhov siab sab hauv thiab deformation: Cov cua txias nrawm yuav ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab tseem ceeb, uas yuav ua rau cov yeeb nkab steel deform.
2. Kev pheej hmoo tawg: Yog tias qhov txias txias nrawm dhau los yog cov txheej txheem tsis raug, quenching tawg yuav tshwm sim.
3. Cov qauv tsis ruaj khov: Tom qab quenching, cov qauv tsis sib npaug tau txais, thiab nws yuav tsum tau ua tempering kom ruaj khov thiab tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab.
III. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm quenching nyob rau hauv lub Steel Pipe Manufacturing txheej txheem
Quenching yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho cua sov rau cov kav hlau, thiab nws feem ntau nyob ntawm txoj haujlwm hauv qab no hauv kev tsim khoom:
Txheej txheej txheem: Tube billet npaj → Cua sov → Piercing thiab dov → Diameter tswj thiab ncaj → Quenching → Tempering → Precision tshuaj xyuas
Tshwj xeeb:
1. Tom qab dov los yog tsim: Tom qab cov yeeb nkab steel ncav cuag qhov loj me los ntawm kev kub dov los yog txias sib sau, nws tau txais kev kho mob quenching.
2. Ua ntej tempering: Tom qab quenching, nws yuav tsum tau tempered tam sim ntawd kom tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv thiab stabilize tus qauv.
3. Raws li ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem quenching thiab tempering: Rau siab - lub zog steel kav, cov txheej txheem quenching thiab tempering ntawm "quenching + high-temperature tempering" feem ntau yog siv.
Niaj hnub nimno steel yeeb nkab ntau lawm kab feem ntau txais cov txheej txheem ntawm induction cua sov thiab nruam quenching. Thaum lub sij hawm cua sov, quenching thiab tempering txheej txheem, cov yeeb nkab steel txav longitudinally thiab nce mus rau hauv ib tug kauv.
IV. Precisely Tswj cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm quenching txheej txheem
Precise kub tswj
• Kub kub: Rau cov hlau hypoeutecoid, ua kom sov rau saum Ac3 los ntawm 30-50 degree; rau hypereutectoid steel, kub nws mus rau saum Ac1 los ntawm 30-50 degree. Hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, kev hloov kho yuav tsum tau ua raws li hom steel thiab cov duab ntawm lub workpiece. Rau cov khoom ua haujlwm nyuaj, qhov ntsuas kub qis dua yuav tsum tau txais los tiv thaiv kev tawg thaum quenching.
• Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias: Siv cov cuab yeej ua cua sov siab siab ({0}}cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua haujlwm, cov cua sov induction) ua ke nrog PID tswj algorithms, kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias tuaj yeem ncav cuag ± 1 degree. Ntau lub thermocouples tau nruab rau hauv lub qhov cub, ua kom thaj tsam - tswj qhov kub thiab txias kom ntseeg tau tias qhov ntsuas kub sib txawv, nrog rau qhov kub sib txawv tswj hauv ± 3℃.
• Cua sov tus nqi: Rau complex-zoo li tus thiab loj- workpieces loj, tus nqi cua sov yog tswj ntawm 5-10℃/ min. Rau kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, nws tuaj yeem nce mus rau 10-15℃/ min.
2. Kev tswj cov txheej txheem txias
• Txias txoj kev optimization: galvanized steel kav yog pom zoo kom undergo rotational quenching ua ke nrog synchronous txias ob sab hauv thiab sab nraud.
• Cov cua txias sab hauv: Dej yog txau rau hauv lub raj los ntawm lub nozzle, nrog tus nqi ntws tsis pub tsawg tshaj 10 m / s.
• Cov cua txias sab nraud: Siv cov tshuaj tsuag los yog immersion quenching tso tsheb hlau luam, thiab txhim kho cov nozzles hauv cov tso tsheb hlau luam kom ntseeg tau tias qhov nruab nrab ntws.
• Cov kev ntsuas cua txias: Rau nyias- cov kav hlau thaiv phab ntsa (nrog phab ntsa thickness tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 6 hli), qhov cua txias nyob rau hauv qhov ntsuas kub ntawm 650 - 400℃yuav tsum siab dua lossis sib npaug li 100℃/ s. Rau cov ntaub ntawv uas ua rau tawg (xws li 42CrMo), ntsuas xws li txo qhov kub thiab txias, txo cov dej ntws ceev, thiab tswj qhov hluav taws xob dej kub (120 - 160 degree) tuaj yeem siv.
• Txias nruab nrab tswj: qhov kub ntawm cov dej ntsev yuav tsum tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 60℃los tiv thaiv corrosion; Lub concentration thiab kub ntawm cov polymer quenching tus neeg saib xyuas yuav tsum tau nruj me ntsis tswj.
3. Kev Tswj Xyuas Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem
• Lub sij hawm rwb thaiv tsev: xam raws li qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv ua haujlwm, cov qauv yog τ=kD (qhov twg D yog qhov zoo thickness thiab k yog qhov chaw thau khoom kho coefficient). Thaum lub loading ceev tshaj 60%, cov coefficient nce los ntawm 0.3 - 0.5.
• Tempering txheej txheem: Tom qab quenching, tempering yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tam sim ntawd. Qhov ntsuas kub rau qis - qhov kub thiab txias yog 150-250℃, thiab lub sij hawm yog xam raws li phab ntsa thickness (1-2 feeb ib millimeter). Piv txwv li, rau 4 hli tuab steel yeeb nkab, tempering rau 4-8 feeb yuav tuav lub hardness ntawm HRC35-45 thiab nce lub toughness los ntawm 20-30%.
• Kev tswj deformation: Los ntawm kev ua kom zoo rau cov txheej txheem quenching kom txo tau kev ntxhov siab, xws li siv cov cua sov seem rau tus kheej - hardening.
4. Kev soj ntsuam zoo thiab cov txheej txheem validation
• Kev tshuaj xyuas cov qauv: Cov qauv tom qab quenching yuav tsum yog martensite lossis bainite, tsis muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov austenite seem.
• Kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo: Xyuas seb qhov ntsuas qhov hnyav, lub zog thiab qhov hnyav puas ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua.
• Kev tiv thaiv tsis xws luag: Txhim kho kev kuaj ultrasonic thiab kev soj ntsuam zoo ntawm qhov chaw kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tsis xws luag xws li quenching tawg thiab deformations.
5. Cov txheej txheem sib txawv rau ntau hom hlau
• Tsawg-carbon steel / nruab nrab- carbon steel: nyiam siv dej- raws li quenching agents thiab tsom rau kev tswj qhov sib xws ntawm kev ua kom txias.
• Siab- carbon steel / alloy steel: Siv qeeb- txias ceev ceev quenching roj los yog dej-raws li quenching kua kom sib npaug ntawm cov hardness tiav nrog kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg.
• High-qib steel kav hauv kev lag luam roj av: Lawv feem ntau siv nruab nrab- carbon alloy structural steel nrog cov ntsiab lus qis dua. Phab ntsa thickness yog sib xws thiab dej quenching tuaj yeem ua ntej.
Cov ntsiab lus:
Kev tswj xyuas meej ntawm quenching ntawm galvanized steel kav yuav tsum muaj kev tswj xyuas thoob plaws hauv tag nrho cov txheej txheem, nrog rau kev tswj kub, txias txoj kev, nruab nrab xaiv, txheej txheem parameter txuam, thiab kev soj ntsuam zoo. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog los xyuas kom meej tias lub peev xwm ua kom txias ua tau raws li tus qauv thiab cov cua txias tsis sib xws. Los ntawm cov kev ntsuas zoo xws li kev sib hloov quenching, synchronous txias sab hauv thiab sab nraud, kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias, thiab lub sijhawm tempering, lub hardness thiab lub zog ntawm cov kav hlau steel tuaj yeem txhim kho thaum txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm deformation thiab tawg.
