Yuav Ua Li Cas Xaiv Cov Yeeb Nkab Rau Hauv Nroog Gas Pipelines, Thiab Cov Lus Qhia Tshwj Xeeb Thiab Cov Khoom Siv ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob

Kev xaiv cov kav dej hauv nroog nruj me ntsis ua raws li "Lub Nroog Gas Design Code" GB 50028-2006 (2020 Edition). Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb yog cov kav dej tsim qib siab, tso txoj kev (faus / nyiaj siv ua haujlwm / sab hauv tsev), thiab ib puag ncig corrosion. Cov cai uas yuav tsum tau muaj yog raws li nram no:

1. Txoj Cai Sib Cuam Qib Siab

• Gas pipelines nrog qib siab ntawmtheem nrab siab siab(0.4MPa < P Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 1.6MPa) thiab siab dua yuav tsum siv cov kav dej steel
• Gas pipelines nrognruab nrab siab(0.01MPa

  tsis tshua muaj siab(P Tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.01MPa) tuaj yeem siv cov kav dej polyethylene (PE) cov kav dej, cov khoom siv sib txuas cov kav dej hlau, cov kav hlau, cov kav hlau steel, cov pob txha pob txha polyethylene yas puas

• Cov kav dej hauv tsev yuav tsum nyiam siv cov kav hlau, thiab tseem tuaj yeem siv cov kav dej tooj liab, cov kav hlau tsis muaj steel, txhuas- cov kav dej yas sib xyaw, thiab cov pa roj- cov kav dej tshwj xeeb.

2. Compliance Hauv qab kab

• Tag nrho cov khoom siv yeeb nkab yuav tsum yog cov pa roj- cov qauv tshwj xeeb, raws li cov qauv hauv lub tebchaws, thiab nws raug txwv nruj heev kom siv cov khoom siv dej zoo tib yam thiab cov kav dej los hloov.

1. Polyethylene (PE) Gas Pipes

- ( Qhov Kev Xaiv Tseem Ceeb hauv Kev Siv Hauv Nroog Nruab Nrab thiab Tsis Txaus Siab Underground Application)

• Application Scenario:Nruab nrab thiab tsis tshua muaj siab faus gas pipelines nrog ib tug tsim siab ntawm tsawg tshaj li los yog sib npaug rau 0.4 MPa. Lawv yog cov khoom siv feem ntau siv cov yeeb nkab rau kev sib txuas hauv nroog tam sim no, hauv paus tsev kawm ntawv cov kav xa hluav taws xob, thiab kev kho dua tshiab ntawm cov tes hauj lwm qub.
• Cov Qauv Ua Haujlwm: "Gas Pipes for Underground Use - Polyethylene" GB 15558.1, "Gas Pipes for Underground Use - Polyethylene" GB 15558.2. Hom tseem ceeb hauv engineering yog PE100 qib thiab SDR11 series.
• Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb

1. Qhov zoo: Resistant rau acid thiab alkali corrosion thiab av electrochemical corrosion, tsis muaj ntxiv los tiv thaiv -corrosion txheej yuav tsum tau rau underground installation; Qhov hnyav tsuas yog 1/8 ntawm cov yeeb nkab steel, ua rau kev tsim kho yooj yim; Siv kub-kev sib txuas hluav taws xob / hluav taws xob sib txuas, lub zog sib cuam tshuam yog siab dua li cov yeeb nkab lub cev nws tus kheej, nrog rau kev pheej hmoo tsis tshua muaj; Zoo yoog raws, muaj peev xwm ua kom haum rau me me hauv paus kev sib haum xeeb, kev ua tau zoo seismic; Tsim kev pabcuam lub neej tuaj yeem ncav cuag 50 xyoo.
2. Kev txwv: Tsis zoo UV tsis kam. Kev teeb tsa sab nraum zoov raug txwv nruj heev. Lub sijhawm ntev -lub sijhawm ua haujlwm kub tsis tshaj 40 degree, thiab qhov txwv siab tshaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab yog tsawg. Loj - txoj kab uas hla PE kav nrog lub nominal txoj kab uas hla tshaj de250 tsuas yog tso cai rau siv nyob rau hauv nruab nrab -siab B-chav kawm (Less tshaj los yog sib npaug rau 0.2MPa) yeeb nkab networks.

2. Cov yeeb nkab steel

- (Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob rau Kev Kub Siab / Kev Ua Haujlwm Tshwj Xeeb)
Cov yeeb nkab steel yog tib hom yeeb nkab uas npog tag nrho cov qib siab. Kev faib tawm thiab daim ntawv thov scenarios tau hais meej meej:

• Kev faib tawm thiab cov xwm txheej siv tau

1. Seamless steel kav: Sub- siab siab, nruab nrab siab siab gas pipelines, sab hauv nruab nrab siab risers, taw qhia cov kav dej, ua raws li tus qauv GB/T 8163; specification yuav tsum muaj phab ntsa thickness tsis pub tsawg tshaj 3 hli, thiab cov lus qhia cov yeeb nkab seem yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 3.5 hli.
2. Kub-dip galvanized welded steel kav: Sab hauv tsev qis- cov kav dej siab siab, ua raws li tus qauv GB / T 3091, cov kav dej zoo tib yam rau qis- cov xwm txheej siab, tuab - cov kav dej rau nruab nrab- cov kav dej siab.
3. Kauv seam submerged arc welded steel kav: Municipal siab -siab / sub- siab- siab lub ntsiab pipelines, hla txoj kev/dej/geological complex seem, ua raws li tus qauv GB/T 9711.

• Core nta

1. Qhov zoo:Lub zog txhua yam muaj zog, muaj zog siab- cov kabmob muaj peev xwm, haum rau txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm siab; dav kub adaptability, tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ruaj khov hauv qhov kub thiab txias; muaj zog tsis kam mus rau sab nraud loads, haum rau tshwj xeeb kev khiav hauj lwm tej yam kev mob xws li hla, overhead installation.
2. Kev txwv: Cov khoom siv carbon steel yog nquag rau electrochemical corrosion; faus installation yuav tsum tau nrog los ntawm anti-corrosion txheej + cathodic tiv thaiv system; hnyav hnyav, kev siv vuam nyuaj, kev tsim kho siab thiab cov nqi khiav lag luam.

3. Spheroidal graphite cam khwb cia hlau yeeb nkab

- ( Cov khoom siv hloov pauv hloov pauv rau cov kav dej qub qub -style municipal pipelines)

• Daim ntawv thov scenarios: Tsawg- siab faus cov kav dej nrog lub siab tsim tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.2 MPa. Tam sim no, hom yeeb nkab no tsis tshua muaj siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho tshiab thiab feem ntau pom nyob rau thaum ntxov - cov kav dej hauv nroog.
• Kev ua qauv: "Spheroidal Graphite Cast Iron Pipes, Fittings and Accessories for Water and Gas Pipelines" GB/T 13295, siv cov neeg kho tshuab hloov tau yooj yim.
• Core nta

1. Qhov zoo:  Muaj zog tiv thaiv rau sab nraud siab loads, haum rau underground installation nyob rau hauv lub tsheb txoj kev; Flexible interface tuaj yeem hloov mus rau qhov me me ntawm lub hauv paus kev sib hais haum.
2. Kev txwv:Hnyav hnyav, kev tsim kho siab; Cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa yog qhov ua rau corrosion, thiab qhov ntev - lub sij hawm kev pab cuam xau yuav siab dua li ntawm PE kav; Muaj ntau ntau interfaces, thiab cov nqi kho mob siab heev. Cov kav dej hauv nroog tshiab hauv Suav teb tau pib hloov los ntawm PE kav dej.

4. Stainless hlau kav / stainless hlau corrugated kav

- (Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau cov kav dej hauv tsev)

• Daim ntawv thov scenarios: Sab hauv roj risers, tom qab - lub - meter ceg kav dej, zais seem hla ntawm phab ntsa; Kev sib txuas ntu rau cov qhov cub hauv tsev thiab lub tshuab rhaub dej. Stainless hlau corrugated hoses yog dav siv.
• Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb

1. Qhov zoo: Muaj zog corrosion kuj, kev pab lub neej ntev; Cov kav dej corrugated muaj qhov ua tau zoo, tuaj yeem khoov thiab txav tau yooj yim, thiab kev teeb tsa tsis tas yuav tsum tau threading lossis vuam; Zoo huab cua nruj, siab aesthetic thov, thiab kev txhawb nqa rau sab hauv tsev zais nteg.
2. Kev txwv: Tus nqi yog siab dua galvanized steel kav; Nyias-cov kav hlau tsis muaj phab ntsa tsis haum rau sab nraum zoov qhib- huab cua tso tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob muab faus ncaj qha.

5. Aluminium-Plastic Composite Pipe

- (Ntxiv rau sab hauv tsev qis-Cov kav dej siab)

• Siv tau Scenarios: luv-cov kav dej nyob deb tom qab sab hauv tsev qis- cov pa ntsuas siab, siv rau txuas cov khoom siv roj.
• Feebtures

1. Qhov zoo:Lub teeb yuag, yoog raws, tsis yog -corrosive, thiab yooj yim rau kev tsim kho.
2. Kev txwv: Tsis tshua muaj siab-cov kabmob muaj peev xwm, tsuas yog tsim nyog rau qis- siab; Cov txheej yas yog qhov yooj yim rau kev laus thaum lub sij hawm, thiab qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov kav dej yog siab dua li cov kav hlau. Tam sim no, nws tau maj mam hloov los ntawm stainless hlau corrugated kav.

6. Steel-cov khoom siv polyethylene sib xyaw yeeb nkab

- (Cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv rau cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb)

• Muaj cov xwm txheej: Nruab nrab thiab tsis tshua muaj siab faus cov kav dej, tsim nyog rau cov xwm txheej uas yuav tsum muaj zog ntau dua li cov kav dej PE ntshiab thiab muaj qhov xav tau muaj zog tiv thaiv corrosion.
• Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb: Nrog steel hlau mesh raws li qhov kev txhawb zog thiab polyethylene raws li cov matrix, nws ua ke nrog lub zog siab ntawm cov kav dej steel thiab corrosion kuj ntawm PE kav, tsis yog -conductive thiab tsis muaj teeb meem electrochemical corrosion; Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev sib txuas yuav tsum muaj cov qauv siab, thiab tus nqi tag nrho yog siab dua li cov kav dej PE zoo tib yam.

1. Kev nyab xeeb ua ntej

• Tsuas yog cov pa roj- cov khoom siv yeeb nkab tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau siv; Cov kav dej zoo tib yam PVC lossis PPR cov kav dej yuav tsum tsis txhob hloov. Cov roj hoses yuav tsum siv cov hlau tshwj xeeb lossis cov roj hmab hoses, thiab qhov ntev thiab kev tso yuav tsum tau tswj nruj me ntsis.

2. Kev hloov ntawm ib puag ncig

• Hauv cov dej qab ntsev- cov cheeb tsam alkali thiab cov av corrosive heev, cov kav dej PE lossis cov kav dej muaj zog tiv thaiv -corrosion steel kav yuav tsum raug xaiv; nyob rau sab qaum teb cov cheeb tsam txias, PE100 qib kav dej lossis cov kav hlau steel nrog qis - qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum tau nyiam dua.

3. Tag Nrho -Cycle Cost

• Rau nruab nrab thiab qis- cov kav dej hauv av, cov kav dej PE yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj vim lawv muaj cov nqi qis tshaj plaws thiab kev ua haujlwm; rau siab - siab, hla, thiab cov khoom siv sab hauv, cov kav hlau yuav tsum tau siv los ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov qauv.

1. Polyethylene (PE) Gas Pipes
(Nws yog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm qhov nruab nrab hauv nroog tam sim no thiab tsis tshua muaj siab faus cov kav dej sib txuas, thiab nws cov kev txwv nruj me ntsis phim "Buried Polyethylene Pipes rau Gas" GB 15558.1.)

• Cov ntaub ntawv qib: Kev tsim kho tshiabts uniformly txais PE100 qib roj- cov khoom xyaw tshwj xeeb. Cov kav xa dej thaum ntxov muaj me me ntawm PE80 qib.
• Siab series: Qhov siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm siab ntawm SDR11 series yog 0.4 MPa (tsim rau nruab nrab- siab A), thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws tso cai ua haujlwm siab ntawm SDR17.6 series yog 0.2 MPa (tsim rau nruab nrab- siab B qib / qis siab).
• Feem ntau specifications: Nominal txheej diameters li ntawm de20 mus rau de630; Cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov kav dej hauv tsev thiab cov kav dej yog de63, de90, de110, thiab de160; Cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov kav dej hauv nroog yog de200 txog de400.
• Cotxoj kev nco: Loj- txoj kab uas hla (de63 thiab siab dua) siv kub-kev sib txuas; cov kav dej hauv qab de63, ceg pob qij txha, thiab kho thaum muaj xwm ceev siv hluav taws xob fusion txuas.

2. Cov kav dej tshwj xeeb
(Tsuas yog hom yeeb nkab uas npog tag nrho cov kev ntsuas siab, nrog rau cov pawg sib txawv tsim nyog rau ntau yam xwm txheej)

• Seamless steel kav (20- qib siab- cov pa roj carbon zoo, raws li GB / T 8163): Feem ntau siv hauv DN15 txog DN600, nrog rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus phab ntsa thickness ntawm 3 hli rau qis- siab, 3.5 hli rau nruab nrab-siab tej yam kev mob, thiab ntxiv thickening rau theem nrab siab thiab siab calculations feem ntau yog siv rau sab hauv tsev risers, inlet pipes, thiab txoj kev hla ntu
• Kub-dip galvanized welded steel kav (raws li GB / T 3091): Ib txwm siv rau sab hauv tsev qis- cov kav dej siab, feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv DN15 (4 nti), DN20 (6 nti), thiab DN25 (1 nti) specifications; qib zoo tib yam yog tsim nyog rau cov qib siab ntshiab -, thiab qib thickened yog haum rau nruab nrab - ntu siab hauv cov tsev
• Kauv seam submerged arc welded steel kav (L245 / L290 pipeline steel, raws li GB / T 9711): Tshwj xeeb rau hauv nroog siab - siab / theem siab siab - cov kav dej loj, feem ntau siv hauv DN200 rau DN1200, nrog phab ntsa tuab thiab tsim tshwj xeeb hauv cov av

3. Sab hauv tsev Stainless hlau kav
Cov kev xaiv saum toj kawg nkaus rau siab -kawg kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv tsev thiab zais qhov teeb meem kev teeb tsa. Nws muab faib ua ob hom:

• Nyias-walled stainless hlau kav (304/316L khoom): Rau sab hauv tsev raug los yog zais cov kav dej loj thiab ceg kav, feem ntau siv hauv DN15 txog DN50, nrog phab ntsa tuab ntawm 0.8 txog 1.5mm. Lawv txuas nrog compression los yog nplhaib compression txoj kev, kom ruaj khov huab cua nruj.
• Gas siv stainless hlau corrugated kav: Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev sib txuas ntu ntawm cov khoom siv tom qab ntsuas. Feem ntau siv hauv cov ntawv thov hauv tsev hauv DN15 thiab DN20 specifications; tag nrho cov yeeb nkab tsis muaj pob qij txha thiab tuaj yeem khoov tau yooj yim, nrog qhov ntev tshaj plaws ntawm 2m, thiab lub neej kev pabcuam tuaj yeem ncav cuag 8 txog 10 xyoo.

4. Lwm cov khoom siv yeeb nkab ntxiv

• Hlau-cov khoom siv polyethylene yas sib xyaw yeeb nkab: Feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv txoj kab uas hla xws li DN50 txog DN500, nrog kev ntsuas siab ntawm 0.4 txog 1.0 MPa. Nws ua ke lub zog thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion, haum rau nruab nrab - siab hauv av cov kav dej hauv cov dej qab ntsev- cov cheeb tsam alkali thiab ib puag ncig corrosive geological heev.
• Spheroidal graphite cam khwb cia hlau yeeb nkab: Feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv diameters xws li DN100 txog DN800, nrog K9 phab ntsa thickness qib, hloov tau yooj yim mechanical interface. Nws tsuas yog tsim nyog rau qhov qis -siab hauv av qhov xwm txheej nrog lub siab tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 0.2 MPa.

1. Yam yuav tsum tau muaj rau cov kav dej hauv av

- Yam tsawg kawg nkaus hauv av npog qhov tob (los ntawm cov yeeb nkab saum toj mus rau hauv av): Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 0.9m nyob rau hauv txoj kab tsheb ciav hlau, Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 0.6m hauv qab uas tsis yog- txoj kab tsheb ciav hlau / kev taug kev, Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 0.3m hauv qab thaj chaw ntsuab, Ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm thaj av hauv qab 0.8m Hauv cov cheeb tsam txias sab qaum teb, nws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv qab txheej permafrost.

- Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Corrosion: Cov kav dej carbon steel yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv sab nraud (feem ntau yog peb - txheej PE, suav nrog qib zoo tib yam thiab qib txhawb zog), thiab yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv cathodic; PE kav dej tsis muaj electrochemical corrosion thiab tsis tas yuav muaj kev tiv thaiv ntxiv - corrosion, tab sis yuav tsum tsis txhob raug tshav ntuj rau kev teeb tsa sab nraum zoov

- Backfill Specifications: Ib txheej ntawm 10-15cm ntawm cov xuab zeb zoo lossis cov av mos yog muab tso rau hauv qab ntawm cov yeeb nkab rau theem, thiab 0.5m saum cov yeeb nkab saum toj yog manually sau nrog cov av zoo. Pob zeb thiab cov khoom siv pov tseg yuav tsum tsis txhob sib xyaw ua ke, kom tsis txhob ua rau cov yeeb nkab phab ntsa puas

- Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb: Kab rov tav tshem tawm ntawm cov kav dej ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 0.5m, los ntawm cov kav dej ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 1.0m, los ntawm cov kav dej fais fab loj dua lossis sib npaug li 0.5m; Thaum hla, qhov ntsug clearance Ntau dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.15m

2. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau cov kav dej hauv tsev
- Cov Chaw Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv: Nws yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub hla hauv chav pw, chav dej, chav dej, chav tso khoom hluav taws xob thiab tawg, chav faib hluav taws xob, cable trench, thiab ncaj qha saum cov khoom siv roj. Gas pipelines yuav tsum tsis txhob muab tso ua ke rau cov khoom siv roj.
- Phab ntsa lub tes tsho Installation: Thaum hla cov phab ntsa lossis hauv pem teb, lub tes tsho steel yuav tsum tau nruab. Txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub tes tsho yuav tsum yog 2 qhov loj dua li cov kav dej. Cov qhov khoob yuav tsum tau muab kaw nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov tau yooj yim.
- Kev nyab xeeb hluav taws xob: Rau cov kav xa hluav taws xob, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub qhov hluav taws xob yuav tsum siab dua lossis sib npaug li 15 cm, thiab los ntawm cov thawv xa khoom thiab cov hloov pauv yuav tsum siab dua lossis sib npaug li 30 cm. Thaum hla cov xov hlau, lub tes tsho rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum tau siv rau kev sib cais.
- Kab Liab rau Cov Yeeb Nkab Flexible: Tag nrho qhov ntev ntawm cov kav dej hloov tau yooj yim txuas cov khoom siv roj yuav tsum tsawg dua lossis sib npaug li 2 m. Tsis pub dhau ntawm phab ntsa, qab nthab, lossis hauv pem teb. Cov kav dej hloov pauv tau yooj yim muaj lub neej ua haujlwm tsis pub dhau 18 lub hlis. Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob siv dhau lawv lub neej ua haujlwm. Stainless hlau corrugated kav yuav tsum nyiam.
3. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm kev soj ntsuam kev lees paub ntawm tag nrho cov kav dej kav dej
Tag nrho cov kav dej xa hluav taws xob tau txais kev lees paub raws li "Purban Gas Transmission and Distribution Engineering Construction and Acceptance Specifications" CJJ 33 thiab "Urban Gas Indoor Engineering Construction and Quality Acceptance Specifications" CJJ 94. Core inspection items:
1. Pipeline purging: Tom qab kev teeb tsa, siv cov cua compressed qhuav rau purging nrog tus nqi txaus siab tshaj lossis sib npaug li 20m / s kom txog thaum tsis muaj xeb, plua plav, lossis lwm yam khib nyiab ntawm qhov hluav taws xob.
2. Kev ntsuas lub zog: Rau nruab nrab - siab thiab siab dua cov kav dej, qhov ntsuas siab yog 1.5 npaug ntawm qhov tsim siab thiab tsis pub tsawg dua 0.4MPa. Rau qis - cov kav dej siab, nws tsis tsawg dua 0.1MPa. Khaws lub siab rau 1 teev, tsis muaj qhov poob siab thiab tsis muaj qhov xau suav tias yog tsim nyog.
3. Kev ntsuas huab cua nruj: qhov ntsuas siab yog 1.15 npaug ntawm kev tsim siab. Rau nruab nrab- cov kav dej siab siab, tswj lub siab rau 24 teev, thiab rau qis- cov kav dej nyob hauv siab, tswj siab rau 24 teev. Lub siab poob qis nyob rau hauv qhov kev tso cai yog suav tias tsim nyog.
4. Weld seam tshuaj xyuas: Rau qib siab siab - cov kav dej siab, 100% radiographic tsis yog-kev kuaj xyuas ntawm weld seams yog xav tau. Rau nruab nrab - cov kav dej siab, 10% mus rau 15% ntawm weld seams raug tshuaj xyuas. Tsis tsim nyog weld seams yuav tsum tau rov ua dua thiab muab ob npaug rau - tshuaj xyuas.